OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) refers to organic light-emitting diodes, which represent a novel product in the realm of mobile phone displays. Unlike traditional LCD technology, OLED display technology does not require a backlight. Instead, it utilizes ultra-thin organic material coatings and glass substrates (or flexible organic substrates). When an electric current is applied, these organic materials emit light. Furthermore, OLED screens can be made lighter and thinner, offer wider viewing angles, and significantly reduce power consumption. OLED is also hailed as the third-generation display technology. OLED displays are not only thinner, lighter, and more energy-efficient but also boast higher brightness, superior luminescence efficiency, and the ability to display pure black. Additionally, they can be curved, as seen in modern curved-screen TVs and smartphones. Today, major international manufacturers are racing to ramp up R&D investments in OLED display technology, leading to its increasingly widespread application in TVs, computers (monitors), smartphones, tablets, and other fields. In July 2022, Apple announced plans to introduce OLED screens to its iPad lineup in the coming years. The upcoming 2024 iPad models will feature newly designed OLED display panels, a process that makes these panels even thinner and lighter.
The working principle of OLED displays is fundamentally different from that of LCDs. Primarily driven by an electric field, OLEDs achieve light emission through the injection and recombination of charge carriers in organic semiconductor and luminescent materials. Simply put, an OLED screen is composed of millions of tiny “light bulbs.”
An OLED device mainly consists of a substrate, anode, hole injection layer (HIL), hole transport layer (HTL), electron blocking layer (EBL), emissive layer (EML), hole blocking layer (HBL), electron transport layer (ETL), electron injection layer (EIL), and cathode. The manufacturing process of OLED display technology demands extremely high technical proficiency, broadly divided into front-end and back-end processes. The front-end process primarily involves photolithography and evaporation techniques, while the back-end process focuses on encapsulation and cutting technologies. Although advanced OLED technology is predominantly mastered by Samsung and LG, many Chinese manufacturers are also intensifying their research into OLED screens, increasing investments in OLED displays. OLED display products have already been integrated into their offerings. Despite a significant gap compared to international giants, these products have reached a usable level.
Post time: Aug-05-2025